Natural gas is a gaseous fossil fuel consisting primarily of methane but including significant quantities of ethane, propane, butane, and pentane—heavier hydrocarbons removed prior to use as a consumer fuel —as well as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium and hydrogen sulfide.[1]

Fossil natural gas is found in oil fields (associated) either dissolved or isolated in natural gas fields (non-associated), and in coal beds (as coalbed methane).

When methane-rich gases are produced by the anaerobic decay of non-fossil organic material (biomass), these are referred to as biogas (or natural biogas). Sources of biogas include swamps, marshes, and landfills (see landfill gas), as well as sewage sludge and manure by way of anaerobic digesters, in addition to enteric fermentation particularly in cattle.

Since natural gas is not a pure product, when non-associated gas is extracted from a field under supercritical (pressure/temperature) conditions, it may partially condense upon isothermic depressurizing–an effect called retrograde condensation. The liquids thus formed may get trapped by depositing in the pores of the gas reservoir. One method to deal with this problem is to reinject dried gas free of condensate to maintain the underground pressure and to allow reevaporation and extraction of condensates.

Natural gas is often informally referred to as simply gas, especially when compared to other energy sources such as electricity. Before natural gas can be used as a fuel, it must undergo extensive processing to remove almost all materials other than methane. The by-products of that processing include ethane, propane, butanes, pentanes and higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, elemental sulfur, and sometimes helium and nitrogen.

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Better Place Australia is part of a global company dedicated to zero emissions driving.

We will enable the mass adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in Australia by providing the infrastructure and services that make it easy, affordable and attractive for motorists to adopt and drive electric vehicles.

We are working with car and battery manufacturers to ensure a complete, efficient and compelling solution built around desirable EVs equipped with a new generation of safe, recyclable and reliable lithium-ion batteries. Our electric charging system, infrastructure and services will effectively replace those currently provided by the $20B retail petroleum industry to support petrol engine cars.

The switch to EVs will allow drivers to experience both the convenience of starting each day with a full tank and the exhilaration of smooth, quiet, and powerful acceleration. Drivers will no longer have to worry about fluctuating petrol prices, or be concerned that they are adversely affecting the air their family breathes or the climate of the planet. They can also enjoy the economic benefits of lower maintenance and longer life cycles of simpler and more reliable motors. The benefits of this transition for Australia will be dramatic: from cleaner air and lower emissions, to a stronger economy with more jobs and a healthier future for the car manufacturing and renewable energy sectors.

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Read the report: http://www.consumerfed.org/pdfs/2008gasolineprices.pdf

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